BATCH AS A SERVICE WITH ENHANCED SECURITY FOR IOT- ENABLED SMART CITIES

Abstract

Smart cities of modern day have a huge problem since most IoT devices use a UDP communication that is fast but not reliable and cloud services use TCP that is slower but reliable. In this paper, Batch as a Service (BaaS), a fog computing system that solves the problem of not being suitable while adding good protection of security. BaaS uses a three-layer design that unites the authentication of IoT devices, secure processing of fog-based batches, and communication with the cloud that is also secured. The system uses differential privacy keeping the data almost fully usable at 98.7% with ε-differential privacy, homomorphic encryption so calculations can happen on the encrypted data, and NIST-standardized quantum-safe protocols (CRYSTALS-Kyber, CRYSTALS-Dilithium). Experiments show that the system makes cloud traffic lower for 73%, cuts latency by 45%, raises reliability from 92% to 99.8%, and saves energy for 38%. In the test of the traffic in smart cities it lowers the use of bandwidth by 78% and has 15% of intersection waiting times upgraded. The system grows well, and it can use around 1,000 devices for each fog node and can process more than 50,000 packets in a second while latency being sub-100 ms. Security tests show the extra cost of homomorphic encryption is below 15% for basic operations of statistics, authentication latency is under 5 ms, and the system can put a stop to the injection attacks while keeping strong guarantees of privacy. BaaS sets fundamental technology for future smart cities helping the cities in managing all the IoT devices efficiently but also having the privacy of both citizen and security protected.