RESEARCH OF THE POSSIBILITY OF CREATING AN ULTRA- WIDEBAND AUTOMOBILE RADAR

Abstract

Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is of considerable interest for communication and ra- dar applications, requiring low probability of interception and detection, multipath immunity, high data throughput. UWB radar systems transmit signals at a much broader frequency than conventional radar systems and, as a rule, they are very difficult to detect. The most common method for generating an UWB signal is the transmission of pulses with very short durations (less than 1 nanosecond). These very short pulses need a wider receiving band, using conven- tional radar systems. The amount of spectrum occupied by the signal transmitted by the UWB radar is 25% of the center frequency. Thus, the UWB signal centered at 2 GHz will have a min- imum bandwidth (500 MHz), and the minimum bandwidth of the UWB signal centered at 4 GHz will be 1 GHz. Often the absolute bandwidth is greater than 1 GHz. An example of a typi- cal UWB radar is pulsed radar. This radar transmits on a central frequency single pulses of 24 GHz with a duration of several nanoseconds and a pulse power of 4 mW. Therefore, its band- width is 8 GHz. The basic features of ultra-wideband (UWB) radars and the ways of develop- ment are considered. Of particular interest is the problem of connectivity with the difference in design between UWB and conventional radar, operating in a narrow frequency band. The diffi- culties caused by these differences in the creation of UWB radars are determined. Also, ways to withstand these difficulties were discussed, which allows to expand the scope of the UWB radar and realize the advantage over conventional radar systems.