SELECTING AN EFFECTIVE WAY OF REDUCING THE HARMFUL EFFECT OF BLASTING OPERATIONS ON THE ENVIRONMENT IN ORE QUARRIES

Abstract

The exploitation of many deposits in Armenia is carried out mainly in an open-pit manner. The development of an open-pit mineral deposit has a negative impact on the atmospheric air due to the result of dust and gas formation. The main sources of harmful emissions during the open-pit mining of mineral deposits are drilling and blasting, loading and transportation operations, and rock dumping. Moreover, drilling and blasting operations account for about 40 % of the total mass of pollutants that harm the environment

During the development of mineral deposits occurs a powerful man-made impact on the ecology of the environment from resulting fine dust, which is released during drilling and blasting operations. Significant amounts of dust migrate long distances from the quarry. When downhole charges of explosives (explosives) explode, a shock wave is formed around the charging chamber under the influence of a detonation wave. Under the action of a shock wave, the rock around the well is re-crushed into fine dust, which is ejected through the bottom hole parts into the open surface of the ledge. Under the influence of detonation products of downhole explosive charges, an air shock wave is formed on the surface of the ledge, under the action of which the over-ground fine dust is released into the atmosphere.

The growth of mining is exacerbating the processes of climate change and environmental pollution. The task of choosing the method is to increase the efficiency of dust suppression and increase the efficiency of explosive energy in mass explosions at quarries

In this regard, the development of ways to reduce the concentration of dust and gas emissions and increase the efficiency of dust suppression released during mass explosions in deep quarries is an urgent environmental task.