A NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR CONDUCTING LARGE-SCALE EXPLOSIONS AT QUARRIES

Abstract

The mining industry faces the task of increasing the volume of mining. At the same time, it is necessary to increase the area of mining blocks or open pit horizons, which will lead to an increase in the volume of stripping operations. An increase in the volume of stripping works, in turn, increases the area of the damaged land, requires additional costs for transporting waste rocks to the dump, which complicates the organization of mining operations.

A large-scale explosion is an important technological link in the extraction of large volumes of solid minerals. An attempt to increase the volume of extraction of solid minerals by increasing the volume of large-scale explosions violates the ecological balance in the explosion zone (an increase in harmful dust and gas emissions into the atmosphere). It is obvious that ensuring the volume of production of the required value, from an environmental point of view, is a rather complex process and requires the use of resource-saving technologies for the development of rocks during a large-scale explosion.

It is established that the length of the face as a geometric parameter determines the quality of crushing and provides a large volume of production during the development of homogeneous ledges. When blasting a large number of rows of wells in the rear of the developed block, uneven crushing is always observed. The number of rows of wells can be increased only with the use of powerful explosive charges of large diameter. It is established that during the development of rocks over a long length of the face, there is always a change in the structural composition of the massif, which requires a change in the blasting technology.

A new method of a resource-saving technology of blasting operations is proposed by changing the parameters of blasting and the direction of development of mining operations, taking into account the blockiness of the exploding ledge and the strength characteristics of rocks.