А TECHNOLOGY FOR OBTAINING COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON LIQUID GLASS AND WASTE OF NATURAL WATER-CONTAINING ALUMINOSILICATES AND THEIR PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to develop a technology for obtaining structural and heat-insulating products based on liquid glass and waste of aluminosilicate water- containing rocks - perlites and zeolites using the method of microwave synthesis. The waste of aluminosilicate glass is a substandard product of the extraction and processing of perlite and zeolite.

Chemical, differential-thermal analyses, as well as IR- spectrometric studies of perlite and zeolite rocks were carried out to determine the quantity and quality of water and hydroxyl in their composition, which play the main role in the process of obtaining materials. IR spectra indicate the presence of hydroxyl groups and water in zeolites and pearlites. The general view of the spectrum of perlite and zeolite in the range 400-4000 cm¹ is typical for aluminosilicate glasses. Water in these samples gives a band of deformation vibrations of OH^- at 1630-1640 cm^-1 and a band of OH^- stretching vibrations at 3400-3600 cm^-1.

The optimal compositions and technological parameters for obtaining the material have been selected. A combined binder based on liquid glass was used as a binder.

Microwave processing of samples was used in the power range from 90 to 600 W in a microwave oven of the MWA 268 BL brand to ensure the competitiveness of the material, since microwave processing contributes both to improving the quality of the material, due to uniform heating during drying, and to a significant reduction in energy costs.

The main physical and mechanical properties of products, such as average density, compressive strength and water absorption by weight, are determined